Decoding Muhammad’s Original Mandate

. On a text-immanent reading of Q 46 9, 41 43, 42 13, and 46 12, the earliest stratum presents a local Arabic warner charged with confirming prior

Scripture and recalling Abrahamic ḥanīfiyya, not with canceling the Torahnnand Gospel or founding a novel legal religion. That baseline collidesnnwith ninth-century sīra and ḥadīth compilations, with Marwanid imperial theology, and with the dogma of inlibration—the uncreated Word made